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Using a soil moisture quickness tester to measure the volumetric moisture content of 0-30 cm (each layer is 1 layer), and at the same time, the corresponding depth bulk density was measured using a bulk density quick test device, and the weight water content was calculated. Each treatment was measured at 5 points and averaged, measured and rehydrated every 5 days. Observing the plant height, leaf number, leaf area, etc. of soybean plants at different growth stages, measuring photosynthesis using leaf area detector at different growth stages, observing the corresponding leaf area and the total area of ​​functional leaf of the plant, and averaging 10 plants per treatment. .
Different water treatments have a greater impact on the plant height of soybeans. With the increase of precipitation with different moisture treatments, the plant height of soybeans also increased, and with the advancement of the growing period, the change of plant height increased. Among them, the plant height treated with 200 mm was the lowest, the plant heights at the early flowering stage, the early planting stage and the early grain stage were 33.40, 64.17, and 61.83 cm, respectively; the highest plant height was treated, and the plant height at the early flowering stage, the early stage and the early grain stage was 45.2 m. , 95.00, 103.17cm. The difference in plant height between the first flowering stage, the early stage and the early grain stage was 30.83 and 41.34 cm, respectively. The natural precipitation plant height is between 200mm treatment and 400mm treatment.
Different water treatments had a significant effect on soybean leaf area per plant. The leaf area per plant differed greatly at each growth stage. Among them, the difference in leaf area at the early grain stage was the most obvious, followed by the first planting period, the difference was 1508.2, and the leaf area per plant at the early grain and early flood stage was treated with 1200 mm. The highest was 2272.3 and 200 mm, respectively, and the lowest was the leaf area. Natural precipitation was slightly lower than 400 mm in the early flowering stage and the first stage, and the initial grain stage was higher than 400 mm. With the increase of water supply in different treatments, the soybean plant height, leaf area and dry weight per plant increased, and the growth rate increased with the growth period. This is consistent with the findings of Meng Kai et al. Physiological indicators with 800 ~ 1000mm water treatment performance best. In the red and near-infrared light bands, the spectral reflectance of soybean leaves first showed an upward trend, then stabilized, and around 1100 nm, the spectral reflectance began to decline. Among them, the spectral reflectance of natural rainfall after 710 nm. The spectral reflectance of soybean leaves that was significantly lower than that of water treatment and the 1200 mm treated precipitation was the highest.
Soybeans are crops that require more water. Water not only affects the completion of morphological growth of soybean plants, but also affects their physiological responses, which in turn affect the level of yield. During the initial pod stage of soybean, during the first grain period, the 800-1000mm water treatment performed best, which is consistent with the research results of high amplitude and so on. The photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of different water treatment leaves in soybean were similar at the early growth stage. This is consistent with the findings of Yan Xiufeng and Dong Ding. Water consumption is one of the important life processes of soybeans. The water supply conditions during the growth period will definitely affect the process of soybean production energy and material transformation. Through pot experiment in the whole soil layer, the plant height, dry matter weight, leaf area and photosynthetic performance of soybean under different water supply treatments were studied to provide basis for making full use of limited natural water resources in high-yield soybean cultivation and formulating the optimal water supply program. The influence of suitable water supply on the growth of soybean in different growth stages of soybeans remains to be further studied.
Effect of Soil Moisture on Plant Height and Leaf Area of ​​Soybean
Water is the main environmental factor in the formation of soybean production. People have conducted a lot of research on the relationship between water and production, and have come up with many valuable conclusions. In the case of insufficient water, supplementation of water can increase the yield. For example, within a certain range (300-700mm), as the water consumption increases, the yield increases significantly and there is a very significant positive correlation between the two. Soybean is a crop with a large amount of water. During the entire growth and development process, the total water demand is an average of 2161mm. Affected by its external environmental conditions, soybean water demand changes greatly, generally between 800~3000mm. According to the test results, soybeans reach the yield, and the water requirement for the whole growth period is, and when the water consumption reaches this value, the output is not necessarily the value. This shows that there is a large difference between the water requirement and the water consumption in the different growth stages of soybean. The most obvious difference is that the water demand is the demand for water from soybeans when the soil moisture meets the supply, while the water consumption is the amount of water actually consumed in the field. Due to differences in the fertility stage, the increase in soybean production is limited. This problem is a key issue in the current soybean production. There are many researches on the water consumption law of soybean, but there are few studies on the water consumption characteristics of soybean in the white soil region. Therefore, the author studied the water consumption characteristics of soybean in the white soil region in order to provide a theoretical basis for realizing high-yield, high-efficiency cultivation of soybean and reasonable allocation of water resources.