The safety factor of our resources and environment is close to that of a completely insecure country.

The latest issue of *Outlook* magazine highlights a growing concern among experts regarding China's "resource and environmental safety factor," which measures the balance between human activity and nature, as well as the country’s capacity for sustainable development. This indicator, based on elements such as land, water, minerals, and ecological health, stands at approximately 1.73. Among the world's 10 most populous countries, China ranks second, but its score is alarmingly close to the threshold of complete resource insecurity. Experts warn that rising demand for key resources has significantly widened the gap between domestic supply and consumption, leading to increased reliance on imports. In 2010, China’s oil import dependency reached 50%, with projections from the International Energy Agency suggesting it could rise to 55% in the near future. This trend underscores the fragility of China’s energy security. Moreover, China's per capita availability of critical energy and mineral resources remains far below global averages. For instance, the country's per capita oil, iron, copper, and aluminum reserves are only 11%, 42%, 18%, and 7.3%, respectively, compared to the world average. These figures reveal a deep structural challenge in meeting long-term resource needs without heavy dependence on foreign sources. According to official data, out of 45 major mineral resources, only 23 were projected to meet domestic demand by 2010. Notably, the external dependency rate for iron ore, copper, and aluminum exceeded 50% during that period, further emphasizing the urgency of developing alternative strategies to secure resource stability and reduce vulnerability to global market fluctuations.

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